Фрази в английския

English syntax

English Phrase
Endocentric phrases - equality between phrase and one of its constituents (съставни части)
Subordinate endocentric phrase - consist of a head and attribute (главна част и определение)
Noun Phrases - 1. (NPs) Noun Phrase Subordinate. 2. (VPs)NPs are also called attributive phrases. They fall into 4 types according to the position of the nominal head (H) and its attribute (A)1. AH - ‘big tree’2. HA - ‘book on the shelf’3. AHA - ‘latest volume to come out’4. HAH - ‘can never go’
Coordinate endocentric phrase
Additive (‘boys and girls’)
Alternative (‘men or women’)
Other (‘both John and Bill’, ‘two plus two’, ‘neither John nor Bill’
Exocentric phrases - constituents don't share the same syntax environment
Directive - consist of a director and axis
Objective (с допълнение) (type 1,2,3,4) - director is a transitive verb (this verb needs an object to transit its action to, while intransitive don’t, ‘She left (transitive) the keys underneath’), while the axis is the object to this verb
Type 1 - has an object expressed by a single word, or and endocentric phrase (‘saw the letter’)Type 2 - has a nexus object (‘wanted to go there’ )Type 3 - has a clausal object (‘can’t make the car go’)
Type 4 - has two objects (‘gave me the book’)

Prepositional (с предлог) - director is a preposition, axis is a noun phrase (NP). ‘in the box’, ‘on the platform’
Conjuctive (със съюз) - director is a conjunction, axis is clausal. ‘after she comes’ , ‘before he goes’ .
Connective phrases - connector + predicative attribute (‘is a big man’)
Predicative phrases - topic + comment (transitive, intransitive and link verbs) ‘John saw me’