6. Ikbohebg]\bklbqgb�h[ykg_gby�gZ�j_qlZ�b�_abdZ.
6.1. Kt\f_klgh�nmgdpbhgbjZg_�gZ�j_qlZ�b�_abdZ.
6.2. ?e_f_glZjgb�kljmdlmjgb�_^bgbpb�gZ�_abdZ�b�j_qlZ: ^mfZ�b�agZq_gb_.
6.3. Ih^j_^[Z�gZ�agZq_gbylZ�\�kljmdlmjZ: e_dkbdhg.
*************************************************************************
6. Ikbohebg]\bklbqgb�h[ykg_gby�gZ�j_qlZ�b�_abdZ
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]heyfZ�qZkl�hl�l_ab�f_lZnhjb, dZlh�]b�jZa^_ebe�gZ�ljb�jZagh\b^ghklb:
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ZgZlhfbylZ�gZ�g_j\gZlZ�kbkl_fZ;
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ihagZgb_lh).
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- Zgljhiheh]bqgZ�f_lZnhjZ, gZfbjZsZ�koh^kl\h�f_`^m�ikbobdZlZ�b "dmelmjZlZ";
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hlghr_gbylZ�f_`^m�ohjZlZ�\�]jmiZlZ.
2
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bgl_e_dlZ�gZ�kZfby�Jh[_jl�Kltjg[_j].
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j_qlZ�b�_abdZ�k_�jZa^_eyl�ktsh�b�dZlh: fh^megh (ihke_^h\Zl_egh); "fj_`h\h"
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mkihj_^gh).
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dhfixltjZ�b�_abdZ�gZ�qh\_dZ. GZijbf_j, gb_�fh`_f�^Z�ij_^iheh`bf, q_�j_qlZ�b�_abdtl
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- "k_fZglbq_g" [ehd�aZ�ZgZeba�gZ�kfbkteZ�gZ�^mfbl_�hl�_abdZ;
- [ehd�aZ�j_rZ\Zg_�gZ�ijh[e_fb;
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:j]mf_glbl_�aZ�gZebqb_lh�gZ�fh^megZ�kljmdlmjZ�gZ�j_qlZ�b�_abdZ�kZ
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bgnhjfZpby, ke_^h\Zl_egh�_�gZitegh�\tafh`gh�^Z�bfZ�hl^_egb�kbkl_fb�b�ih^kbkl_fb
aZ�h[jZ[hldZ�gZ�j_qlZ, dhylh�fh`_�^Z�k_�\taijb_fZ�qj_a�kemoZ�beb�aj_gb_lh, gZijbf_j:
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k_fZglbq_g (l�_. kfbkeh\) ZgZeba;
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Qhfkdb�b�dgb]bl_�fm�^h 1965 ]..
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3
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hl^_egb�hlghkbl_egh�kZfhklhyl_egb�dhfihg_glb ("fh^meb"), kZ�ZgZlhfbqgbl_
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psychology, 1983) hibk\Z�kbkl_fZlZ "j_q - _abd" dZlh�kljmdlmjZ�hl�_e_f_glb ("[ehdh\_")
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h[jZ[hldZlZ�gZ�j_qlZ;
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hl^_egbl_�\oh^gb�[ehdh\_, kjZ\gy\Zl�k_, b�gydhb�hl�j_r_gbylZ�gZ�ih�gbkdbl_�fh^meb�k_
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jZ\gbs_�fh`_�^Z�k_�\a_f_�fgh]h�ih�[tjah�b�ih�_n_dlb\gh.
Ihimeyj_g�kt\j_f_g_g�fh^me_g�fh^_e�gZ�]_g_jbjZg_lh�gZ�j_q�_�kta^Z^_g�hl
ba\_klgby�oheZg^kdb�ikbohebg]\bkl�<beb�E_\_el�b�hibkZg�\�dgb]ZlZ�fm "J_qlZ: hl
gZf_j_gb_lh�^h�bajbqZg_lh" (Willem Levelt: "Speaking: From intention to articulation",
1989, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics).
Lhab�fh^_e�bfZ�ljb�]eZ\gb�fh^meZ:
- dhgp_ilmZebabjZs�[ehd ("dhgp_ilmZebaZlhj"),
- nhjfmebjZs�[ehd ("nhjfmeZlhj"),
- ZjlbdmeZpbhg_g�[ehd ("ZjlbdmeZlhj"),
<k_db�hl�hl^_egbl_�fh^meb ([ehdh\_) ihemqZ\Z�\�gydZd\Z�nhjfZ�\oh^ysZ
bgnhjfZpby, b�ke_^�h[jZ[hldZlZ�c�ba\_`^Z (ijhba\_`^Z) dZlh�j_amelZl ("ijh^mdl")
gydZd\Z�bgnhjfZpby. Ijh^
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