Практическо ръководство по БДП в прогимназиалните класове

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24 saca roAr{ruHo sa g6yreHlre no BesonacHocr Ha ABI{xeHI4ero 3a BceKH
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rro zuracoBe ce pa3npeAer.sr raKa:
Ta6.auqa I
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lacone
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rro KJracoBe H CpoKoBe,
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xaro o6rq 6pofr, He ca roco.reFrr4. flocoqeHr,r ca
eAI{HcrBeHo n 3auone4 Na PA-09-773/19.09.2003 r. ua MOH. fia1nwp t/
flpartlxara rroKa3Ba, e roBa peanHo 3arpyAHqBa
rrr{TeJrure, Koraro
TIPH IOAI4IUHOTO TIJIAHI,IPAHE TPX6NA 4A ONPCAEJI'IT KOJ'IKO AA 6tAAr
qacoBere'
pecneKTI'IBHo
I4 ypour{Te 3a reoperuqHo H KorKo 3a [paKT[r{ecKo
o6yreuue B eAI{H KJIac.
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or onnr MoxeM Aa noc:bBerBaMe yquren'Te Ha .AHH TeopeT,rreH ypoK
Aa npeABr'DKAar
/nnanuparf ue.[o-MaJrKo or 3 nparrlrur"*r'ypo*a, r.e. B
cr,orHolrleHne l:3.
flpaxruvecKrrre ypoqu B To3rr c.ryuait ce flBgBar Karo [poAT,JrxeH're Ha
reopernrrHnre u ca peaJren 3aBbpueK Ha o6y.reunero no^6[II. llopaln
T.r{xHara Bax(Hocr B roBa noMariuro 6xxa paspa60TeH}r caMo [paKTr{qecKHTe
ypou}l.
flpeuoptunaMe B cr4rpxaHl&To Ha rrpaKTr{qecKfire ypor{r4 Aa ce
ytlpa)(HsBar r{ 3arBbpArlBar reM[Te r{ 3aAaqr4re or reoperr{qHoro o6yreuue
c qen
$oprr.rnpaue Ha weHuq r{,rloBeAeHrle sa oesolacHo
ABI{XeHr{e no
nT'Tfl.
BilI(HO! IIpn nponexgaHe Ha rpaKTHrrecK.H ypot1u, 6lueo 4o rrbrnoro
rIJIarHo Hm{ Ha nJlarHoror HeBaBI{cI{Mo rle
Moxe Aa e 3a KparKo H Aa HflMa
ABnKeHI{er yrleHn'Un'Te rpxona 4a 6rgar cbc cr{rHaJrHH )r(HJreTKH. TOsa
rapaHTnpa rflxr{ara oegouacnocr lr orroBapf Ha n3I{CKBaHrLflTa 3a
6esonacHn ycJroBr{r Ha rpyA3a
freHrrqnTe.
Vqnrslnr crqo rpn6na aa 6lae
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NETH K'IAC
rfl OEAJIHA TEMA:,'MOfl T BE'IOCHNEA''
nbPBA t-tolTEMA:
yCTPOIZCTBO
HA BEflOCHnEAA
Teua xa ypoK: perynxpoaKH
Ha Berocnnega n ueo6xoAnMr{
HHcrpyMeHrH.
Yqe6xr 3aAa'{H:
1. Yqeunxrr MolKe nu Aa HMeHyBa (onnue) BcHr{KH perynxpoBKn.
( 1-eo Hreo)
2. Moxe nv Aa o6ncnn xaxce H3Bbpr.xBa BcFKa or rnx. (2-po
Hr.rao).
3. Onrcea BcHqKH
( 1-no HNso)
4. nflerooucrprapa
perynHpoBKn. (3-ro nNeo)
HHCrpyMeHTH, H3no/l3BaHH 3a perynHpoBKH.
yMeHhfl 3a H3BbptuBaHe Ha cboTBeTH14Te
5- Moxe Aa oqeHH pe3ynrara or cBorra pa6ora. (6_ro Hr.rao)
fl pn n qu n r : HarneAHocr, cb3Haren Hocr H aKTH BHocr, Aocrbn Hocr,
HHAHBHAyaneH noAXoA.
Merogu: pa3Ka3, 6ecega,
AeMoHcrpaqhfi , ynpaxHeHHe.
Mscro Ha npoBexpaHe Ha ypoKa: B ABopa unvt BbB
$NexynrypeH canoH.
_
Heo6xoAHMH MarepHarx: eAHH nnn HARonr(o Be,nocxneiqa h
Ha6op or HHcrpyMeHrH.
Bn4 xa ypoKa: Onpe4enn ce or raKcoHoMHqHr HHBa.
Xoa xa ypoxa
fle4aroro-uero'HqecKa geilxocr 3a HsnbrHeHHe Ha yue6nrre
3aAaqH.
Karo npe4eaprTenHa noAroroBKa yqHTenrr e nocraBl/r 3aAaqa
yqeHHl{hre
Aa AoHecaT oT KbulH .HHCTPyMeHTH,
H3nQn3BaHH 3a
pery'nHpoBK, no BerocHneAa. orgenuo or roBa rofi cn e noArorBHn
KoMn,neKT or cbrqrTe re3x HHcrpyMeHrn. /Bnx rh Ha pncyH xata/
Kru npegeaprTe.nHara no.qroroBKa ce orHaca H ToBa, ,{e yqHTenflT
HNH OTAENHH
YI.IEHHL{H HABAT C BC.NOCHNEAH, HA KOHTO TOh UNUTC IllE MOrAT
Aa H3Bbpluar AeMoHcTpaqHR Ha pa3nHqHH BHAoBe perynhpoBKH.
Y.{Hreanr noKa3Ba eAHH no eAHH HHcrpyMeHThre 3a perynHpoBKa.
Or6ernsea KaKBo ce perynHpa c BceKil HHcrpyMeHT, Tor{Ho KbAe H KaK
craBa perynHpoBKaTa Bbpxy BenochneAa.
Cne4 roea yqhrenflT h3BbptuBa AeMoHcrpaqHF, Karo Bbpxy eAHH
BenochneA h3BbpuBa KOHKpeTHa perynHpoBKa c KoHKperHH
HHcrpyMeHTt4. o[,emoncrpaqHf,ra Mo]Ke ,qa H3Bbp[xar H yr{eHHqH,
npeABapHrenHo noAroTBeHH Or yr{HrenF.
B 6ecega c yqeHuqrre roil yro,rH ABa Aanu re pa3nonarar c Apyrn
HHCTPYMEHTH H 3HA9T,NH KAKBH APYrH PCTYNHPOBKH CE H3BbPI.UBAT C TgX.
ilo Haramx yHHrenrr yrortHtBff c yqeH,qhre pa3rl,qH,Te BHAoBe
perynHpoBK14:
- Ha BHCOr{]4HaTa Ha ceAnoTo;
- Ha BHCOqHHaTa Ha KopMhnoTo;
- o6reruarocr Ha Bepurara;
- Ha $ap, AHHaMo (reueparop) I setHeq;
- Ha KannHTe, Ha cnHLlHTe, Ha ryMHTe;
- Ha cso6ogHoro BbpreHe Ha neAannTe.
YqurenRr noKa3Ba Bbpxy Be,nocHneAa BcHqKH Mecra 3a
perynHpoBKH.
Cneg rosa rofi HnH noArorBeHHTe yqeHHLlH 3anoqBar Aa npaBsr
AeMoHcTpaqHg Ha BCfl Ka perynHpoBKa.
1. Ha cegnoro. Orenea railxara Ha cxo6ara il Ha ceAnoro Bbpxy
paMKara h3Ter.nn ceAroro Ha TaKaBa BHcoqHHa, qe Karo ceAHe Ha Hero,
cbc crbnanoro Ha H3nbHarl49 CH KpaK roil Moxe ,qa crbnBa Ha neAara,
HaMHpau{ ce B AonHo noroxeHHe.
cneg roea rafixara Ha cxo6ara Ha ceA,noro ce 3arflra. yqrrenRr
3aAbn)KHTenHo HanoMHf' qe
3aBHBaHeTo e BHHaTH HaARcHo no nocoKa Ha
t{acoBHHKOBara
crpenKa, a pa3BhBaHero : o6parno. Ho npn ycfloBHe, qe
cMe 3acraHanH cpeqy 60nra unu raixara, Kohro 3aBHBaMe AnVl
pa3BhBaMe. / Bnx pucynxara,/

2.
_Ha
KopMHnoro. yqnren
AT Anu no,qrorBeH or Hero yqeHr4K
orBhBa rafixara na cxo6ara ua rpt6ara r" *opr-o- *p*v paMKara
H
H3Ter^t KopM,noro Harope' AoKaro ce H3paBHH no BHcoqHHa xopl4-
3oHTa,nH^o cbc ceAnoro. Cneg roea rafixara Ha crco6ara ce 3arara.
3. Ha gap
H AHHaMo (rexeparop).
t-tpu ,-;;r;;;;;.nox(eH,e
Ha
AHHaMoro, HeroBHfiT Bbprrr.4 ce npbcreH. rpn6ea Aa nrra , a" a" ,pr"
n,nbrHo B crpaH,'{Hara qacr
Ha ryMara (e npegna no, .u4*"j. B ,;;;
cnyvafi nprcreHlr ule ce rtprn paBHoMepHo r $apti t4e cBerr
nocrotHHo, 6es 4a "npeMHrBa".
Oaptr ce perynlpa noA raKbB HaKroH HanpeA H HaAony, qe
Aa
ocBerrBa nbrfi Ha 15-20rq npeA BenocrneAlcra.
_ ^ _4.PeryrHpaHe
Ha 3BbHeqa. Hsetpuaa ce raKa, qe
Aa no3Bo.fleBa
Benoc,ne.qhcra
Aa 3B'HH C Hero c AtcHara Anv c nA'ara pbKa, 6es 4a rr,t
MCCTH OT P'KOXBATKHTE HA KOPMI4,NOTO. FIPU NNXOI4 3BbHqH MO}KE AA CE
pery/lhpa H cH'rlara Ha 38bHeHe, TaKa qe 3BbHeqbr ga ce qyBa noHe na 20 -
25 uerpa. flpn uoerre MoAenH Benoc,ne*H ce MoHTHpaT eneKTpHr{ecKH
3BbHt{l4c5-6ranoBeqeMe,no.qHH,.BK,n}oqBaHHc6yrox.
5. O6rerxarocr Ha
_
Beplrara.
9u'
gu ce HsBbpt.uH Ta3H
perynhpoBKa BerocHne4a ce o6ptu{a Ha 1900, xaro
,,nlra,,
Ha KopM,4noro
h ceAnoro. cre4 roaa ce pa3BHBar rafixrre Ha ocra
""."4"oro
,lr;;n;;
TO Ce H3AbpnBa MaKcHMa,nHo_Ha3aA B ytuHTe Ha 3aAHaTa BAnKa,
AOKaTo
Bephrara ce H3nbHe go6pe. Cne4 roea ABere railxN Ha ocra .;;;";u;
orHoBo KbM "yLuhte" Ha paMrara.
6. Perynupane (nposepra) Ha Kanrlre, ryMHre tr BbpreHero
l:-i:.1_"r"1re.
flpra crutoro roBa noroxeHHe Ha ,uno.Nnug" (o6tpHai
ooparHoJ ce..3aBbpTa c pbKa npeAHoro Kone,no 14 ce rneAa AanH HMa
crpaHHqHo "6vleHe" Ha Kannara np, BbpreHe Ha *oiunoro. Ktrq
Bbprgqara ce Kan.na ce npu6rrxasar 6asHo H xopH3oHTa.nHo Mo.nHB,
$nyr'racrep nnu re6e"rrp. B e4nH MoMeHr t" onrp"i'r r**" o, Kan.nara,
TaM KbAero rf,"6ve". Crulara onepaqHfl ce noBrap' H.or Apyrara crpaHa
Ha Kannara, Cne4 roBa qf,nara onepaq,fi ce noBTapR ,'r'op^y 3aAHara
Kanna.
Pe.rynnpa'ero Ha 6renero Ha KanrHTe craBa qpe3
ornycKaHe HnH
HareraHe (ora,eane
hnH. pa3BHBaue) xa cnuq"r". ta"[;;;;;qr" rpr6ea
Aa ce H3BbptxH or mail,crop. B qaca yr{Hrenflr , vu"rrqlie caMo qe
KOHCTATilPAT
AANH HMA..6HEHE'' HA KANTNTE, KATO YqHTEN'T NOAqEPTABA,
qe ro npaBh ynpaEneH14ero Ha BenocHneAa Ha nbrf Hecra6nnHo.
7. Karo nocne.qHa perynHpoBKa yqHrenrr H yqeHHqxre
npoBepffBar
,qanH nerqanHre ce Bbprf,T cao604HO HnH ,nareprre xM ca
pas6Nrr- Haxpan BbprrlqHTe ce
'{acrH Ha Be/IOCHneAa ce cMa3Bar:
BepHraTa c Mac.no, a ocTaHa.nnTe c rpec _
rnaBHo npe.qaBaHe, 3aAHa oc H
neAanh.
Yqnrennr u{e HanoMHH, r.{e yqeHlqure rpn6aa ga pa6orrr c ror{Hx
hHcrpyMeHTH, 3a Aa He noBpeArr rafixrre J4nr4 fnaBur ru 60nror"i".
ctr4o raKa Aa BHHMaBaT
Aa He c,n npHTHcHar npbcrHTe or Bep,rara un.,t Aa
ce yAapnr npn pa6ora c HHcrpyMeHrnre.
Or
-ne4arorHqecKa
H MeroAHr{ecKa rneAHa ror{Ka c.neA Karo
yqHTener o6acuu onperqeneH BHA perynhpoBKa, T, BerqHara rp"6ru gu au
ynpaxHH Ha rpynH or yqeHHqHre.
' B roan cnyuail yqrrenrr npoBepf,Ba KaqecrBoro Ha 3HaHHrra H
yMefi*hrra Ha yqeHhqkre. Koraro roil ce y6e4n, re 406pe 3Haflr H Morar Aa
H3Bbpr.xBar ra3, peryn,poBKa, Moxe ga o6ncxn H noKaxe .n"a"u'luil
Toea e r.H. "crbnKono" yueHe, npH Koero 3a yqHTenrr n yqeHHqHTe HMa
6tpsa H ToqHa o6parxa Bpb3Ka Ha.creneHTa Ha HayLraeaHe H MoxeHe,
KaKTO h Bb3MOIKHoCT
AaAeHa onepaqH,
Aa ce AeMoHcrpHpa oTHOBO H
orHoBo or y'{HTenR, aKo ycraHoBh, r{e yqeHHqhre He ca fi pas6panr,r
4o6pe.
3HAM H MorA
Baf
ifi J^"#HJlt BEnocH n EA.
TeMa Ha ypoK: ycrofiqrao
ynpaBneHlre Ha BerocHneA.
Yqe6nn 3aAa'{H:
1' Yqennxtr ga o6ncx, npaBHnara sa ycroilq,Bo H 6esonacHo
ynpaBneHHe Ha Berochne4. ( 1_eo Hrno)
2. Aa AeMoHcrpHpa yMeHHe sa ycroilvNeo H 6esonacHo ynpaB-
reHhe Ha BenocHne4. (2-po nnao)
3. Aa oqeHr,r cBor4re yMeHrf,. (6-ro riHeo)
4. .{a oqeHn yMeHHFra Ha cBorre Apyrapn. (6_ro nreo)
[lpnxqrnra: Har.neAHocr, cb3Hare.nHocr H aKTHBHocr,
Aocrbn_
HocT, HHAHBHAyaTeH noAXoA.
Merogr: pa3Ka3, 6ecega, AeMoHcrpaqrff, ynpa>KHeHhe.
Mncro Ha npoBex4aHe Ha ypoKa: B ABopa unn BbB
Sr,rsxynrypeH carroH.
Heo6xoArl M H MarepHan l| : Benocn neA, KoHycH, AbcKa.
..
Xoa xa ypgxa
3agarra. YnpaxneHne 3a norerrfiHe,
ABHXeHhe no npaBa *HHVA A
cnHpaHe.
florerngse. llraen HaqHH. yqyrensr
h,nn no.qrorBeH yqeHHK
npaBH AeMOHCTpaqrn. ll0craBfl
AecHHR neAan B nono]KeHre 2 qaca
na
qacoBHl4KoBara
crpenKa. Ca4a Ha ce.qnoro. C nptcrrre Ha AecHH, KpaK

HarHCKa c'nHo neAana n cneA Karo Be.noc,neAa norer,n, crbnBa 14 C ne'nn
KpaK Bbpxy
ApyrHfl ne.qafl. /Bnxp1cyHKHre nac.6/
Bropt HaqHH. C neeHR KpaK ce crbnBa Ha,neBH, neAan. C gecHrn
ce 3ac,,nBa, Karo ce orr,nacKBa or 3eMflTa. Cne4 xaro Be,noc,neAa ce
3acvnlH
AOCTaTbqHo, ,qecHhfl KpaK ce npexBbpns npe3 paMKaTa, Bbpxy
AecHHt ne,qan H ce cslqa Ha ceAroTo.
AaxxeHxe no npaga nlrHrq. Flpn 4arxeHre
ABeTe pbqe.qbpx(aT
KOpMHnoTo, Tf,noTo e npHBeAeHo
nor,neA-br e H3HeceH xa 15-20 M HanpeA.
Cnrpaxe Ha senocrneaa. Cnrpauero Mox(e
H9KONKO HA'{HHA:
flocrenexno (nnaeHo):
- KOraTo He ce BbpTRT neAanHTe;
no npaBa nn{ne
neKo HanpeA,
iqa cTaHe no
- KOraTo HMa cTpbMHHHa;
- Kor.aro n.flaBHo ce sa4eilcrBar cnilpal{KHTe;
Pssxo:
- npu nona4aHe BbB BoAa, Ka.n Nnr 4rn6ox nncbK;
- npH pr3Ko sageilcraaHe Ha cnrpaqKxTe.
flpr pnsxo cnhpaHe HMa roneMa BepofiTHocr BenocHneArcra
Aa
ce npeMeTHe Hanpe.q npe3 KOpMunoro H Aa naAHe npeA BenocHneAa.
3aroea npH cnhpaHe ce npenopbqBa nbpBo
Aa ce H3non3Ba 3aAHara
cnnpaqKa H cneA ToBa npeAHaTa.
Bropara onacHocr npn pfl3Koro
Be.nocHneAa ce 3aHacg, 3auloTo 3aAHoTo
TOBa BoAH
AO naAaHe Ha Ko,noe3Aaqa.
3a4ava. YnpaxneHne sa 4buxeHne no npaBa nv1lv1l, B
,,3MeilKa,,,
B K.pbf, ocMopKa 14 cnHpaHe Ha onpeAeneHo Mf,cTo.'
Yqrre,flflT Haqepraaa c re6eLUHp F,nHa Hnh ABe ycnopeAHH nvllt4,
c Abn)KrHa 20-25 ruerpa. YveHuqrre rpnbea
Aa ynpaBnflBar Be,noc*neAa,
6es Aa ce orKnoHgBar or nAHviATe. B xpan Ha ro3r yqacrbK yr{LnrennT
HaqepraBa c re6eurp nepneH4hKynrpHa qepra
HnH nocraBff nerBa,
HsNcxsaHeto e yr{eHhq[Te
Aa cn,par roqHo Ha roBa Mecro, *uro
"u
aron-
NVHAfl.
YnpaxHeHHflTa 3a .qBHx(eHhe B Kpbr ce H3BbpLuBar B.lrpxy
HaqepraHa oKpb>KHocr. Cnenq roBa yqeHHqhre npaBsr no HgKo.nKo
ynpaKHeHHr ocMopKa, Karo BeAHblK B.nH3ar ete $rarypara orrrBo, a cneA
TOBa oTAgCHO.
250l25Ol25Ol2so
B xaqanoro ynpax{HeHxflTa ce Nsetpuear or
6aeHa cKopocr, a cneA roBa no-6rpso. 3a yvenrqnre,
HayqaBar no-6aeHo H TpyAHo, yqHTe.nRT npeABHlK,qa
ynpa)KHeHHr.
3agarra. YnpaxuenHfl 3a ABH)KeHHe c
npenrTcTBHfl.
Ha eenochneAhcra qecro
ce Ha.nara Aa npeMHHaBa npe3 pa3nHqHH
6
cnhpaHe HABa oT TOBa, qe
KOneIo cnHpa ,qa ce BbpTH t1
yqeHHqHre c no-
KOHTO yCBOtBaT
H
BpeMe 3a noBeqe
BenocHneA npe3 pa3nHqHH

npenlTcrBxr. B e4un cnyqau roBa e MHHaBaHe npe3 rffcHo npocrpaHcrBo
3a ryMHTe Ha Be.flOCHneAa H,nH sa TtnoTo Ha Konoe3Aaqa.
YnpaxHeHNe 3a ABHIKeHXe npe3 TecHo npocrpaHcrBo 3a ryMHTe
Mo)Ke Aa ce npoBe.qe Bbpxy AbcKa ge6ena 2-3 cNl H luxpoKa 15-20 cm.
Karo no-TpyAeH BapHaHT Moxe Aa ce npoBeAe ynpaxHeHHe 3a
npeMHHaBaHe c Benocuneg npea ynefi.
YnpaxHeHue 3a npeMHHaBaHe npe3 Tf,cHo npocrpaHcrBo Ha
Tsfloro Ha Be,nocune.qxcra. 14shcraa nocrpof,BaHe Ha KopHAop 3a rn/roro,
"Bpara" ot croilKx, c urnphHa, Ma.nKo no-rontMa or uupuHara Ha rntroro
Ha Konoe3Aaqa B p